EU Consumer Law Oxford University Press

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

The Treaty on the European Union for the first time provided an explicit legal basis for EU intervention and initiatives aimed at protecting consumer health and safety and promoting consumers' interests. EU Consumer Law charts the development of consumer protection law and policy in the context of legislation and case law, and provides a uniquely comprehensive analysis of all EU legislative measures affecting consumers. The book covers core areas in consumer protection such as product liability, labelling and consumer contracts, in addition to other areas of consumer interest such as pharmaceuticals, financial services and dangerous substances, insofar as they relate specifically to consumer issues. It derives from a section in the looseleaf Law of the EU (Vaughan & Robertson, eds), and is made available here for the benefit of those who don't subscribe to the looseleaf.

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Rethinking Eu Consumer Law

Książki Obcojęzyczne>Angielskie>Law>Laws of Specific jurisdictions>Company, commercial & competition law>Company lawKsiążki Obcojęzyczn...

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Rethinking Eu Consumer Law

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EU Competition Law, the Consumer Interest and Data Protection Springer International Publishing AG

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

The legitimacy or illegitimacy of information exchanges between competitors remains a topical debate with regard to EU competition law and policy. This book reexamines the issue in the retail financial services sector, focusing on the peculiar problems that it poses for EU market integration, consumer policy and protection and the intersection with fundamental rights. It analyzes and reflects on the relevant case law and guidelines offered by the corresponding European authorities, providing a critique of the current approach and advancing the proposition that information markets themselves need attention, in addition to the markets that they serve. The book also advances new perspectives on cases in which consumers personal information is involved in the exchange, recognizing the inevitable interaction between EU competition law, the interests and protection of consumers and personal data protection. It suggests that the status quo under competition law is unsatisfactorily short sighted and that the EU should take a holistic approach (including information markets) to the analysis of competition law, reflecting consumer protection and fundamental rights aspects in the assessment.§

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Handbook of Research on International Consumer Law Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

Consumer law and policy has emerged in the last half-century as a major policy concern for all nations. This Handbook of original contributions provides an international and comparative analysis of central issues in consumer law and policy in developed and developing economies. The Handbook encompasses questions of both social policy and effective business regulation. Many of the issues are common to all countries and are becoming increasingly globalised due to the growth in international trade and technological developments such as the Internet. The authors provide a broad coverage of both substantive topics and institutional questions concerning optimal approaches to enforcement and the role of class actions in consumer policy. It also includes comparative insights into the influential EU and US models of consumer law and relates consumer law to contemporary trends in human rights law. Written by a carefully selected group of international experts, this text represents an authoritative resource for understanding contemporary and future developments in consumer law.This Handbook will provide students, researchers and policymakers with an insight to the main policy debates in each context and provide models of legal regulation to assist in the evaluation of laws and the development of consumer law and policy.

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EU Food Law Bloomsbury Publishing

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

This is the first comprehensive analysis of the European Union law of food regulation. It details the way in which EU law impacts upon the production and sale of food throughout the Union. It examines the legal protection accorded to the free movement of food within the EU, discussing those circumstances in which Member States may derogate from this principle, in particular where this is done to protect human health or safeguard consumer interests. Chapter four discusses and places in context the international trade law influences on EU food law. Chapter five describes EU responses to recent food safety crises - avian influenza and BSE. The book also deals with issues such as nutrition law and policy, obesity, GMOs, organic food, animal welfare and food naming and labelling. This book offers an account of the historical, political, sociological and jurisprudential context of European Union food law. The author, who is an academic and consultant in this area, translates the legal and scientific complexities of food law into a lucid and compelling narrative. The resulting work will also prove an indispensable guide to the practitioner.

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EU Internet Law in the Digital Single Market Springer, Berlin

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

With the ongoing evolution of the digital society challenging the boundaries of the law, new questions are arising - and new answers being given - even now, almost three decades on from the digital revolution. Written by a panel of legal specialists and edited by experts on EU Internet law, this book provides an overview of the most recent developments affecting the European Internet legal framework, specifically focusing on four current debates. Firstly, it discusses the changes in online copyright law, especially after the enactment of the new directive on the single digital market. Secondly, it analyzes the increasing significance of artificial intelligence in our daily life. The book then addresses emerging issues in EU digital law, exploring out of the box approaches in Internet law. It also presents the last cyber-criminality law trends (offenses, international instrument, behaviors), and discusses the evolution of personal data protection. Lastly, it evaluates the degree of consumer and corporate protection in the digital environment, demonstrating that now, more than ever, EU Internet law is based on a combination of copyright, civil, administrative, criminal, commercial and banking laws.

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Eu Law Penguin

Inne 1

Now completely revised and updated for its third edition, this authoritative analysis gives the essential background to an understanding of the operation of the European Union and of the problems facing it. Written by two experts in the field, the book surveys the gradual development of the European Community and its emergence as the European Union and provides a thorough examination of the EU's legislative process, the jurisdiction of the Court and the principles of direct effect and supremacy. Authoritative coverage is given to the internal market; including freedom of movement of goods, persons, services and capital; to competition policy, including mergers, intellectual property and state intervention in the market; and to social policy. Completely updated in the light of the Treaty of Amsterdam, this detailed account explores the institutional and constitutional changes to the legal structure of the EU made by that Treaty. This includes new legislation designed to create an area of freedom, security and justice within which people will be able to move about freely (a framework from which the United Kingdom, Denmark and Ireland have opt outs), and the establishment of closer co-operation between some of the Member States. Economic and monetary union is also discussed and a new chapter looks at consumer and environmental policy. Although this book deals primarily with the legal perspective, it also includes a detailed examination of the political institutions, such as the Commission, Council and Parliament. It will therefore be of immense value not only to practising lawyers who need to understand the impact of EU law, but also to anyone who is studying or is interested in politics, European studies, economics or modern history.

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Cases, Materials and Text on National, Supranational and International Non-Discrimination Law Bloomsbury Publishing

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This casebook, the result of the collaborative efforts of a panel of experts from various EU Member States, is the latest in the Ius Commune Casebook series developed at the Universities of Maastricht and Leuven. The book provides a comprehensive and skilfully designed resource for students, practitioners, researchers, public officials, NGOs, consumer organisations and the judiciary. In common with earlier books in the series, this casebook presents cases and other materials (legislative materials, international and European materials, excerpts from books or articles). As non-discrimination law is a comparatively new subject, the chapters search for and develop the concepts of discrimination law on the basis of a wide variety of young and often still emerging case law and legislation. The result is a comprehensive textbook with materials from a wide variety of EU Member States. The book is entirely in English (i.e. materials are translated where not available in English). At the end of each chapter a comparative overview ties the material together, with emphasis, where appropriate, on existing or emerging general principles in the legal systems within Europe.The book illustrates the distinct relationship between international, European and national legislation in the field of non-discrimination law. It covers the grounds of discrimination addressed in the Racial Equality and Employment Equality Directives, as well as non-discrimination law relating to gender. In so doing, it covers the law of a large number of EU Member States, alongside some international comparisons. The Ius Commune Casebook on Non-Discrimination Law -provides practitioners with ready access to primary and secondary legal material needed to assist them in crafting test case strategies. -provides the judiciary with the tools needed to respond sensitively to such cases. -provides material for teaching non-discrimination law to law and other students. -provides a basis for ongoing research on non-discrimination law. -provides an up-to-date overview of the implementation of the Directives and of the state of the law. This Casebook is the result of a project which has been supported by a grant from the European Commission's Anti-Discrimination Programme. See the detailed website for this book: www.casebooks.eu/nonDiscrimination/.

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The Law of Crypto Assets Beck C. H.

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

The bookWe are currently witnessing a revolution in the financial markets. While Bitcoin has been around for some time, new blockchain-based 'tokens' have recently emerged, offering new ways of fundraising for businesses of all sizes. Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) have become an alternative to the traditional investments for private and institutional investors. Market insiders and academics alike agree that these new 'crypto assets', commonly referred to as currency tokens, investment tokens and utility tokens, have the potential to change the shape of the financial market landscape significantly.Despite its innovative potential, the legal status of crypto assets is still uncertain. Are ICOs subject to prospectus disclosure requirements? How can anti-money laundering laws be applied to virtual currencies? Does selling tokens to private persons trigger the application of consumer protection laws? The private law of which country applies to international token transactions? Do token-related services require authorization by national regulators, and if so, the national regulators of which country?The advantages at a glance"The Law of Crypto Assets" provides an in-depth examination of all issues emerging from the use of crypto assets in the European Union.it includes, inter alia, an introduction to the technology and economics of crypto assets, as well as twelve chapters on the relevant EU laws, such as consumer protection, private international law, securities and banking regulation, taxation and data protection.the book also provides country reports for important crypto markets, for example the US, Singapore, Germany, France and Australia.The target groupFor in-house lawyers, tax advisors, academics and lawyers working in business law.

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Contracting and Contract Law in the Age of Artificial Intelligence Bloomsbury Publishing

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

This book provides original, diverse, and timely insights into the nature, scope, and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially machine learning and natural language processing, in relation to contracting practices and contract law. The chapters feature unique, critical, and in-depth analysis of a range of topical issues, including how the use of AI in contracting affects key principles of contract law (from formation to remedies), the implications for autonomy, consent, and information asymmetries in contracting, and how AI is shaping contracting practices and the laws relating to specific types of contracts and sectors. The contributors represent an interdisciplinary team of lawyers, computer scientists, economists, political scientists, and linguists from academia, legal practice, policy, and the technology sector. The chapters not only engage with salient theories from different disciplines, but also examine current and potential real-world applications and implications of AI in contracting and explore feasible legal, policy, and technological responses to address the challenges presented by AI in this field. The book covers major common and civil law jurisdictions, including the EU, Italy, Germany, UK, US, and China. It should be read by anyone interested in the complex and fast-evolving relationship between AI, contract law, and related areas of law such as business, commercial, consumer, competition, and data protection laws.

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EU Policy and Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Related Technologies - The AI Act Springer, Berlin

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) can benefit our society and economy, but also brings with it new challenges and raises legal and ethical questions. According to the author of this comprehensive analysis, it is imperative to ensure that AI is developed and applied in an appropriate legal and regulatory framework that promotes innovation and investment and, at the same time, addresses the risks associated with certain uses of AI-related technologies.Essential to understanding the relationship between policy and law, this book traces the evolution of EU policy on artificial intelligence and robotics, focusing in particular on the EU's ethical framework for AI, which defines trust as a prerequisite for ensuring a human-centric approach.The main part of the book provides a thorough and systematic analysis of the Commission's 2021 proposed AI Act, which establishes harmonised rules for the development, placement on the market and use of AI systems in the EU. The author painstakingly compares the Commission's proposed AI Act with the numerous "compromise" proposals of the Council of the European Union, leading to the final version of the Council's AI Act (general approach) and its formal adoption on 6 December 2022. The author also examines with extraordinary detail the amendments proposed by the relevant committees and political groups of the European Parliament, revealing the position the Parliament is likely to adopt in the forthcoming negotiations with the Commission and the Council on the text of the AI Act.Numerous legislative and policy documents are presented in detail, while the analysis also considers the comments made by all interested parties (e.g. the European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Parliament, governmental organisations, national competent authorities, and stakeholders/actors with different/conflicting interests, such as corporations, business and consumer associations, civil society and other non-profit organisations). In the course of its in-depth analysis, this book will provide readers with crucial insight into the reasons behind the European Institutions' different approaches and the often contradictory interests of stakeholders. Because the policy arguments are carefully balanced and drafted with scrupulous care, this volume will establish itself as a reference resource to be consulted for years to come.

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Sales Promotion Techniques and VAT in the EU Kluwer Law International

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Sales promotion techniques, or SPTs, are a common facet of consumer life, with many companies offering price reductions, bonuses, or other deals in order to attract or retain customers. Although VAT on advertising costs is in principle fully deductible,

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Production and Commercialization of Insects as Food and Feed Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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Forecasts point out an exponential growth in the global population, which raises concerns over the ability of the current agri-food production systems to meet food demand in the long term. Such a prospect has led international organizations and the scientific community to raise awareness about, and call for, the need to identify additional sources of food to feed the world. From this perspective, insects qualify as a suitable and more environmentally friendly alternative to meat and other foods that are sourced from animal proteins. However, uptake of the production and commercialization of insects as food has been facing regulatory hurdles, consumer skepticism and rejection in many markets. This is particularly true in the context of western societies in which insects do not always constitute part of the local traditional diets. Production and Commercialization of Insects as Food and Feed: identification of the Main Constraints in the European Union analyses and discusses the regulatory state-of-the-art for the production and commercialization of insects as food and feed in the European Union. The EU has been taking concrete legislative steps with a view to opening up its market for insect foods, although some key regulatory constraints still exist today which ultimately prevent the industry sector from growing, consolidating and thriving. The main regulatory constraints in the EU for insects as food include the fragmentation of the EU market as a result of the adoption of different policy solutions by EU Member States for novel foods and the lengthy and complex authorization procedures. Also, ad hoc safety and quality requirements tailored to the needs and specificities of the insect food sector are currently missing. This work constitutes the first comprehensive overview of the evolution and current state-of-the-art of the regulatory framework for insect foods in the EU, based on a multidisciplinary approach that combines science, policy and law. It proposes a legislative roadmap which the EU should follow in order to make its regulatory framework fit for insect foods in the long term by providing a detailed comparison between the current EU legal framework and other regulatory systems of western countries with a view to singling out the markets which are better equipped to address the production and the commercialization of insect foods. The text provides an updated overview of the overall market and of European consumers' perspectives on the use of insect foods. With the proper legislative steps and consolidation, the EU can be a global leader for insects as food and feed both as a market and as a standard-setting body.

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Energy Transition of the Electricity Sectors in the European Union and Japan Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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Making Electricity Sectors in Japan and the European Union Work: Regulatory Models and Legislative Solutions examines a variety of laws and policies governing European and Japanese electricity sectors. The book's key aim is to compare the European Union's (EU) regulatory approach with the existing model in Japan by answering the questions about the essence, and range of the regulatory model used in the energy transition of leading global economies which herald carbon neutrality by 2050. In this regard, the book effects the systematisation of Japanese and European energy policy and law; this includes electricity-related policies, plans, and programmes, as well as laws related to regulatory authorities, energy security, renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, and emission reduction.This way, the book formulates a regulatory model for the Japanese and European electricity sectors, reviews their previous and current state, and assesses policies and laws applicable to the electricity sector in the European Union and Japan. This comes from the examination of a number of different approaches: the pro-competitive and pro-consumer one, the pro-security one, and the pro-environmental and pro-climate one in the European and Japanese laws and policies. "Regulation as usual", "Deregulation at all cost" ("Total deregulation"), "Regulation to the max" ("Total regulation"), "Japanisation of the European regulatory model", and "Europeanisation of the Japanese regulatory model" are just some of the unique scenarios devised in the book. These issues encourage a more thorough consideration of regulatory models and solution interpenetration in the electricity sector in t he EU and Japan. In this context, Making the Electricity Sectors in Japan and the European Union Work: Regulatory Models and Legislative Solutions provides answers to questions about European and Japanese regulatory tools which Japan and the EU may use in the future, as well as problems which may emerge in the implementation phase. Additionally, the book provides valuable lessons learned on facilitating the energy transition. As a result, the book provides an in-depth review of the EU and Japan's energy policies and laws in terms of electricity market and climate action, including energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, and the reduction of emissions.

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