libristo rheophysics matter in all its states 2544927

- znaleziono 17 produktów w 6 sklepach

Rheophysics: Matter in All Its States - 2858582919

137,32 zł

Rheophysics: Matter in All Its States

Książki

Sklep: KrainaKsiazek.pl

Between the World and Me - 2826818687

98,28 zł

Between the World and Me Random House

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

Hailed by Toni Morrison as "required reading," a bold and personal literary exploration of America's racial history by "the single best writer on the subject of race in the United States" ( The New York Observer ) §§"This is your country, this is your world, this is your body, and you must find some way to live within the all of it."§§In a profound work that pivots from the biggest questions about American history and ideals to the most intimate concerns of a father for his son, Ta-Nehisi Coates offers a powerful new framework for understanding our nation's history and current crisis. Americans have built an empire on the idea of "race," a falsehood that damages us all but falls most heavily on the bodies of black women and men-bodies exploited through slavery and segregation, and, today, threatened, locked up, and murdered out of all proportion. What is it like to inhabit a black body and find a way to live within it? And how can we all honestly reckon with this fraught history and free ourselves from its burden?§§Between the World and Me is Ta-Nehisi Coates's attempt to answer these questions in a letter to his adolescent son. Coates shares with his son-and readers-the story of his awakening to the truth about his place in the world through a series of revelatory experiences, from Howard University to Civil War battlefields, from the South Side of Chicago to Paris, from his childhood home to the living rooms of mothers whose children's lives were taken as American plunder. Beautifully woven from personal narrative, reimagined history, and fresh, emotionally charged reportage, Between the World and Me clearly illuminates the past, bracingly confronts our present, and offers a transcendent vision for a way forward.§§Praise for Between the World and Me §§"I've been wondering who might fill the intellectual void that plagued me after James Baldwin died. Clearly it is Ta-Nehisi Coates. The language of Between the World and Me, like Coates's journey, is visceral, eloquent, and beautifully redemptive. And its examination of the hazards and hopes of black male life is as profound as it is revelatory. This is required reading." -Toni Morrison§§"Ta-Nehisi Coates is the James Baldwin of our era, and this is his cri de coeur . A brilliant thinker at the top of his powers, he has distilled four hundred years of history and his own anguish and wisdom into a prayer for his beloved son and an invocation to the conscience of his country. Between the World and Me is an instant classic and a gift to us all." -Isabel Wilkerson, author of The Warmth of Other Suns §§"Immense, multifaceted . . . This is a poet's book, revealing the sensibility of a writer to whom words-exact words-matter. . . . As a meditation on race in America, haunted by the bodies of black men, women, and children, Coates's compelling, indeed stunning, work is rare in its power to make you want to slow down and read every word. This is a book that will be hailed as a classic of our time." - Publishers Weekly (starred review)§§"The powerful story of a father's past and a son's future . . . Coates offers this eloquent memoir as a letter to his teenage son, bearing witness to his own experiences and conveying passionate hopes for his son's life. . . . This moving, potent testament might have been titled Black Lives Matter ." - Kirkus Reviews (starred review)

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Routledge History of Antisemitism - 2876044349

1372,27 zł

Routledge History of Antisemitism Taylor & Francis Ltd

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

Mark Weitzman is Chief Operating Officer of the World Jewish Restitution Organization, the senior US delegate to the International Holocaust Remembrance Authority (IHRA), and Vice President of the Association of Holocaust Organizations (AHO).Robert J. Williams is the Andrew J. and Erna Finci-Viterbi Executive Director Chair of the USC Shoah Foundation, UNESCO Chair on Genocide Education at the University of Southern California, and Advisor to the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance.James Wald teaches modern European history at Hampshire College in Amherst, Massachusetts.Review Quotes:"In a more just world, we would not need a book like this one. But in the broken, flawed, real world that we inhabit, the Routledge History of Antisemitism is both morally necessary and intellectually essential. With an impressive range of topics and contributors, this volume provides a sweeping survey of antisemitism over the millenia and around the globe, and it does so in a lucid and accessible way."Prof. Samuel G. Freedman, Columbia Journalism School"A book published in the right time, relevant to a current troubling issue is always a welcome surprise. So is the Routledge History of Antisemitism, off the print in 2023, when antisemitism is on the rise worldwide and the depiction of a reliable picture is sorely needed. Holding 40 well-edited essays along 400 pages, this volume offers concise, up to date eye opening information, accompanied by analysis and insight, on a wide variety of topics, written by first rate experts, each representing his or her field of expertise. Needless to say, such a collection is indeed a most relevant contribution to any discussion of antisemitism nowadays."Prof. Emerita Dina Porat, Chief historian of Yad Vashem, 2010-2021, The Alfred P. Slaner Chair in Antisemitism and Racism in Tel Aviv University"A crucial contribution to the field spanning the full spectrum of time and geography of the world's most enduring hatred. From antiquity to Jeremy Corbyn's Labour Party; from the Holocaust to Soviet antizionism; from the Middle East to the Baltic states; from the BDS to online hate: the tightly written essays in this volume are certain to prove an essential resource for educators, students and general public alike."Izabella Tabarovsky, Senior Advisor, Kennan Institute (Wilson Center)Table of Contents:Preface: Antisemitism - A Comment. Foreword. Introduction SECTION I: Chronology 1. Jews and Non-Jews in Ancient Cities: Alexandria, Antioch, Caesarea, Rome 2. Medieval Antisemitism 3. Antisemitism: The Last 150 Years 4. Contemporary Antisemitism SECTION II: Geography 5. American Antisemitism 6. Argentina and the Jews: Between the Privileges of "Whiteness" and the Curse of "Badness" 7. East Asia and Antisemitism: A Vast Region Immersed in Admiration and Consternation 8. Antisemitism in Australia 9. The Judeo-Bolshevik Myth and Contemporary Antisemitism in the Baltic States 10. What is the Role Played by Antisemitism in the History of the Jews in Brazil? 11. English Antisemitism 12. Antisemitism in France 13. Antisemitism in Germany 14. Anti-semitism in Hungary 15. Antisemitism in North Africa 16. Antisemitism in Mexico 17. Antisemitism in the Middle East 18. Antisemitism in Poland 19. Antisemitism in Russia 20. Antisemitism in South Africa 21. Antisemitism in Spain - A Historical Survey 22. Antisemitism in Turkey 23. Antisemitism in Ukraine SECTION III: Topics 24. Christianity and Antisemitism 25. Muslim Antisemitism: Religion, Politics, and Israel 26. Blood Libel and Its Persistence in Antisemitic Imagination 27. Antisemitism and the Persistence of the "Protocols" 28. The Long Term and the Short Term: Antisemitism and the Holocaust 29. Antisemitism and Diseases, Pandemics, and Public Health Crises 30. Antisemitism and Art 31. Philosophy and Judeophobia 32. Gender and Antisemitism 33. Discourse and Antisemitism 34. BDS and Antisemitism 35. Antisemitism 2.0 and the Cyberculture of Hate: Opening Pandora's Box 36. Algorithmic Antisemitism on Social Media 37. Holocaust Denial and Distortion 38. Antisemitism in the Study of Ancient Judaism 39. Zionism: A Response to Antisemitism? 40. Some Traditional Jewish Perspectives on AntisemitismPublisher Marketing:Antisemitism is a topic on which there is a wide gap between scholarly and popular understanding, and as concern over antisemitism has grown, so too have the debates over how to understand and combat it. This handbook explores its history and manifestations, ranging from its origins to the internet.Since the Holocaust, many in North America and Europe have viewed antisemitism as a historical issue with little current importance. However, recent events show that antisemitism is not just a matter of historical interest or of concern only to Jews. Antisemitism has become a major issue confronting and challenging our world. This volume starts with explorations of antisemitism in its many different shapes across time and then proceeds to a geographical perspective, covering a broad scope of experiences across different countries and regions. The final section discusses the manifestations of antisemitism in its varied cultural and social forms.With an international range of contributions across 40 chapters, this is an essential volume for all readers of Jewish and non-Jewish history alike.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Jadwiga Paja-Stach POLISH MUSIC FROM PADEREWSKI TO PENDERECKI - 2834459474

82,00 zł

Jadwiga Paja-Stach POLISH MUSIC FROM PADEREWSKI TO PENDERECKI MI-Musica Iagellonica

MIKsiążki/Muzyka i taniecKsiążki/Książki angielskojęzyczne

This book contains a review of the most important movements in 20th-century Polish music. It also presents profiles of those composers who are judged to have made valuable contributions to both Polish and world musical culture. Part 1 provides a context to the themes explored in Part 2. Chapter 1 contains a sketch of the development of Polish musical culture in the context of historical changes, an area which still requires thorough research, preferably conducted using a cross-disciplinary approach including sociology, political science and history of music. The present outline refers the reader to works describing some areas of this field of knowledge, but these should be treated rather as possible directions to be followed in further research. Chapter 2 presents the major musical ideas operating in the

Sklep: Hatteria.pl

Plasmas - 2857697385

293,60 zł

Plasmas Cambridge University Press

Książki

Most astronomers believe that the universe began about 15 billion years ago when an explosion led to its expansion and cooling. The present state of the universe compels us to believe that the universe was extremely hot and dense in its infancy. In the beginning there was intense radiation. The photons produced equal amounts of matter and antimatter and a plasma soup of particles and antiparticles was present. Plasma is the first state of matter from which all the other states originated. This book discusses the diversity of cosmic and terrestrial plasmas found in the early universe, galactic and intergalactic media, stellar atmospheres, interstellar spaces, the solar system and the Earth's ionosphere, and their observability with the most recent telescopes such as the Chandra X-ray telescope and gamma ray telescopes. It deals with different ways of creating plasmas such as thermal, pressure and radiative ionization for laboratory and cosmic plasmas.

Sklep: Booknet.net.pl

Art of Pulse Diagnosis - 2867140430

830,29 zł

Art of Pulse Diagnosis Ann Cecil-Sterman, PLLC

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

DESCRIPTION The first book of its kind, The Art of Pulse Diagnosis contains a detailed step-by-step exploration of method for the practice of Chinese Medical pulse diagnosis. Includes descriptions of pulse qualities/images, organ function as described in the pulses, the concept of dynamic and directional pulses and pulses for all the channels of acupuncture. (This book includes the entire text, Dynamic Pulses by the same author, introducing the ancient, remarkable practice of Dynamic Directional Pulses in writing for the first time.) Over 100 diagrams/illustrations/paintings. Foreword by Dr Linda Puckette. Printed in the USA, London or Melbourne. Hard Cover, 260 pages. ADVANCE PRAISE This is a wonderful work. Ann Cecil-Sterman has been writing methodical clinical manuals assembled from her study of the oral tradition of Jeffrey Yuen and her own busy practice. This time, she focuses upon the topic of pulse diagnosis. She is clear and concise, providing a detailed approach to this method. The images contained herein elucidate many areas that have long proven to be confusing for learners. Her years of work on these oral transmissions is to be commended. At long last, this tradition will be available for generations to come. -William Morris, PhD, DAOM, author of Li Shi-Zhen's Pulse Studies, An Illustrated Guide All holistic systems of medicine contain at their core a deep awareness that the human body consists of more than just fluids and tissue and bone. Chinese medicine specifically views the body as a hierarchically organized fusion of spirit, energy and matter. No treatment should ever be administered without considering the body's energetic planes first. Among the various modalities of Chinese medicine, pulse diagnosis once reigned supreme as a direct way to perceive energetic imbalances. This book represents a practical and sensitive introduction to the complex topic of Oriental pulse diagnosis that makes this waning art accessible. Another valuable contribution to the profession by Ann Cecil-Sterman! -Heiner Fruehauf, PhD, LAc, Founding Professor, School of Classical Chinese Medicine at the National College of Natural Medicine, Portland, Oregon. ABOUT THE AUTHOR\ Ann Cecil-Sterman, MS, L.Ac, is the author of the internationally acclaimed book, Advanced Acupuncture: A Clinic Manual, a required text in many acupuncture schools in the United States and widely read in Europe and Australia. She travels all over the world to teach the application and methodology of the Complement Channels, the art of pulse diagnosis, and the use of food as medicine. For many years she taught Advanced Clinical Observation and was a senior clinic supervisor at the school of acupuncture founded by Dr Jeffrey Yuen in 1997 in New York City. She is a long-time student of Dr Yuen, having extensively studied acupuncture, diet, Chinese medical history, herbs, qigong, essential oils, stones and philosophy with him across North America. Ann was Director of the Classical Wellness Center in Manhattan where for many years she practiced and taught classes on advanced diagnosis and the theory and application of Classical Chinese Medicine. Currently, her patients-children and adults of all ages-come from all over the world, working through illnesses or on personal cultivation. Ann's practice features the Complement Channels of acupuncture: the Sinew, Luo, Divergent and Eight Extraordinary Channels, and is augmented with Classical Chinese dietary therapeutic guidance. She lives in Manhattan with her husband and two children. www.classicalacupuncture.com

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Plasmas - 2877177583

256,86 zł

Plasmas Cambridge University Press

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

Most astronomers believe that the universe began about 15 billion years ago when an explosion led to its expansion and cooling. The present state of the universe compels us to believe that the universe was extremely hot and dense in its infancy. In the beginning there was intense radiation. The photons produced equal amounts of matter and antimatter and a plasma soup of particles and antiparticles was present. Plasma is the first state of matter from which all the other states originated. This book discusses the diversity of cosmic and terrestrial plasmas found in the early universe, galactic and intergalactic media, stellar atmospheres, interstellar spaces, the solar system and the Earth's ionosphere, and their observability with the most recent telescopes such as the Chandra X-ray telescope and gamma ray telescopes. It deals with different ways of creating plasmas such as thermal, pressure and radiative ionization for laboratory and cosmic plasmas.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

What the Best Law Teachers Do - 2878793206

162,69 zł

What the Best Law Teachers Do Harvard University Press

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

What makes a great law professor? The first study of its kind, "What the Best Law Teachers Do" identifies the methods, strategies, and personal traits of professors whose students achieve exceptional learning. This pioneering book will be of interest to any instructor seeking concrete, proven techniques for helping students succeed. "What the Best Law Teachers Do" introduces readers to twenty-six professors from law schools across the United States. These instructors are renowned for their exacting standards: they set expectations high, while also making course requirements--and their belief that their students can meet them--clear from the outset. They demonstrate professional behavior and tell students to approach class as they would their future professional life: by being as prepared, polished, and gracious as possible. And they prepare themselves for class in depth, even when they have taught the course for years. The best law professors understand that the little things matter. They start class on time and stay afterward to answer questions. They learn their students' names and respond promptly to emails. These instructors are all tough--but they are also committed, creative, and compassionate mentors. With its close-to-the-ground accounts of exceptional educators in action, "What the Best Law Teachers Do "offers insights into effective pedagogy that transcend the boundaries of legal education.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Food Politics - 2826643528

125,21 zł

Food Politics University of California Press

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

We all witness, in advertising and on supermarket shelves, the fierce competition for our food dollars. In this engrossing expose, Marion Nestle goes behind the scenes to reveal how the competition really works and how it affects our health. The abundance of food in the United States - enough calories to meet the needs of every man, woman, and child twice over - has a downside. Our over-efficient food industry must do everything possible to persuade people to eat more - more food, more often, and in larger portions - no matter what it does to waistlines or well-being. Like manufacturing cigarettes or building weapons, making food is big business. Food companies in 2000 generated nearly $900 billion in sales. They have stakeholders to please, shareholders to satisfy, and government regulations to deal with. It is nevertheless shocking to learn precisely how food companies lobby officials, co-opt experts, and expand sales by marketing to children, members of minority groups, and people in developing countries. We learn that the food industry plays politics as well as or better than other industries, not least because so much of its activity takes place outside the public view.Editor of the 1988 "Surgeon General's Report on Nutrition and Health", Nestle is uniquely qualified to lead us through the maze of food industry interests and influences. She vividly illustrates food politics in action: watered-down government dietary advice, schools pushing soft drinks, diet supplements promoted as if they were First Amendment rights. When it comes to the mass production and consumption of food, strategic decisions are driven by economics - not science, not common sense, and certainly not health. No wonder most of us are thoroughly confused about what to eat to stay healthy. An accessible and balanced account, "Food Politics" will forever change the way we respond to food industry marketing practices. By explaining how much the food industry influences government nutrition policies and how cleverly it links its interests to those of nutrition experts, this path-breaking book helps us understand more clearly than ever before what we eat and why.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Fault Lines - 2826756826

74,46 zł

Fault Lines Princeton University Press

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

Raghuram Rajan was one of the few economists who warned of the global financial crisis before it hit. Now, as the world struggles to recover, it's tempting to blame what happened on just a few greedy bankers who took irrational risks and left the rest of us to foot the bill. In "Fault Lines", Rajan argues that serious flaws in the economy are also to blame, and warns that a potentially more devastating crisis awaits us if they aren't fixed. Rajan shows how the individual choices that collectively brought about the economic meltdown - made by bankers, government officials, and ordinary home-owners - were rational responses to a flawed global financial order in which the incentives to take on risk are incredibly out of step with the dangers those risks pose. He traces the deepening fault lines in a world overly dependent on the indebted American consumer to power global economic growth and stave off global downturns. He exposes a system where America's growing inequality and thin social safety net create tremendous political pressure to encourage easy credit and keep job creation robust, no matter what the consequences to the economy's long-term health; and where the U.S. financial sector, with its skewed incentives, is the critical but unstable link between an overstimulated America and an under consuming world.In "Fault Lines", Rajan demonstrates how unequal access to education and health care in the United States puts us all in deeper financial peril, even as the economic choices of countries like Germany, Japan, and China place an undue burden on America to get its policies right. He outlines the hard choices we need to make to ensure a more stable world economy and restore lasting prosperity.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Revolution Radio - Green Day (Płyta CD) - 2836912169

62,24 zł

Revolution Radio - Green Day (Płyta CD)

Książki & Multimedia > Muzyka

Opis - 12 studyjny album Green Day zatytułowany

Sklep: InBook.pl

Principles - 2862614427

121,29 zł

Principles Harper Collins Publishers

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

#1 New York Times Bestseller"Significant...The book is both instructive and surprisingly moving." -The New York TimesRay Dalio, one of the world's most successful investors and entrepreneurs, shares the unconventional principles that he's developed, refined, and used over the past forty years to create unique results in both life and business-and which any person or organization can adopt to help achieve their goals.In 1975, Ray Dalio founded an investment firm, Bridgewater Associates, out of his two-bedroom apartment in New York City. Forty years later, Bridgewater has made more money for its clients than any other hedge fund in history and grown into the fifth most important private company in the United States, according to Fortune magazine. Dalio himself has been named to Time magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Along the way, Dalio discovered a set of unique principles that have led to Bridgewater's exceptionally effective culture, which he describes as "an idea meritocracy that strives to achieve meaningful work and meaningful relationships through radical transparency." It is these principles, and not anything special about Dalio-who grew up an ordinary kid in a middle-class Long Island neighborhood-that he believes are the reason behind his success.In Principles, Dalio shares what he's learned over the course of his remarkable career. He argues that life, management, economics, and investing can all be systemized into rules and understood like machines. The book's hundreds of practical lessons, which are built around his cornerstones of "radical truth" and "radical transparency," include Dalio laying out the most effective ways for individuals and organizations to make decisions, approach challenges, and build strong teams. He also describes the innovative tools the firm uses to bring an idea meritocracy to life, such as creating "baseball cards" for all employees that distill their strengths and weaknesses, and employing computerized decision-making systems to make believability-weighted decisions. While the book brims with novel ideas for organizations and institutions, Principles also offers a clear, straightforward approach to decision-making that Dalio believes anyone can apply, no matter what they're seeking to achieve.Here, from a man who has been called both "the Steve Jobs of investing" and "the philosopher king of the financial universe" (CIO magazine), is a rare opportunity to gain proven advice unlike anything you'll find in the conventional business press

Sklep: Libristo.pl

Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology & Obstetrics - 2212826096

126,80 zł

Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology & Obstetrics Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Zdrowie, medycyna

This thoroughly revised, updated second edition of The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics is the ideal reference for clinicians in hospital and outpatient settings. Written by residents in obstetrics and gynecology at The Johns Hopkins University, this popular manual covers every clinical situation in obstetrics, high-risk obstetrics, gynecology, reproductive endocrinology, infertility, and gynecologic oncology. The easy-to-use outline format - modeled after The Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics - helps busy clinicians find information quickly. This edition includes new chapters on primary care, emergency triage, postpartum care and breast feeding as well as critical care, and obstetric anesthesia plus a list of frequently used drugs with dosages. The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Edition is also available electronically for use in a PDA. This manual produced by staff of the John Hopkins Medical School (BaltimoreUSA) is an excellent, front line reference source that covers the subjectsuccinctly and yet seemingly comprehensively. All the usual suspects arecovered but potentially tricky areas such as paediatric gynaecology andchronic pelvic pain are also covered. The style of the whole book is inexpanded note format and in just over 600 pages, gives as comprehensivereview that most GPs will ever need. Sure the subject matter and primaryaudience is for the United States but the vast majority of the material willeasily translate towards the UK. It is sensible, practical and a specificsubject area will not take long to read. The book is fresh, up to date andvery readable, it does not overwhelm the bookcase and is small enough tooccupy a small space on the doctor's desk. Most of the data is text basedwith the occasional diagram and table and it is well indexed. All in all,this represents good value for money and don't let its American origins putyou off. There is a lot here that would be helpful to a UK based primarycare provider. Dr Harry Brown Nov 2002

Sklep: Albertus.pl

Society, economy, environment  - 2212819101

26,80 zł

Society, economy, environment Wydawnictwo Naukowe Bogucki

Inne 1

Sustainable development is one of the most frequently used terms in contemporary social and spatial analysis. Theorists, researchers, planners and politicians discuss the problem in all its possible aspects. Sometimes one gets the impression that the notion of sustainable development is used to describe so many different things that its real meaning seems to be lost. The problem is especially complicated when we discuss the sustainable development of urban areas. The concentration of social and economic phenomena in a relatively small area intensifies the problems stemming from the dynamics of development. And the natural environment is often forgotten in urban development plans. Thus the issue of the sustainable development of cities evokes many doubts, misunderstandings and debates on such questions as:

Sklep: Albertus.pl

Hegemony or Survival - 2878779144

51,75 zł

Hegemony or Survival Penguin Books

Książki / Literatura obcojęzyczna

Hegemony or Survival is Noam Chomsky's essential polemic on American foreign policy. Noam Chomsky, the world's foremost intellectual activist, presents an irrefutable analysis of America's pursuit of total domination and the catastrophic consequences that are sure to follow. From the funding of repressive regimes to the current 'war on terror', from the toppling of governments opposing its beliefs to the invasion of Iraq, America pursues its global strategy no matter what the cost. With the rigour and insight that have made him our most important unraveller of accredited lies, Noam Chomsky reveals the truth and the true motives behind America's quest for dominance - and seeks also to show how the world may yet step back from the brink. "A devastating history of American foreign policy since 1945 as well as a dissection of the current "war on terror"". (Tim Adams, Observer). "Anybody who thinks about American foreign policy has to read and contemplate Hegemony or Survival". (Independent). "One of the radical heroes of our age. A towering intellect". (Guardian).Noam Chomsky is the author of numerous bestselling political books, including Hegemony or Survival, Failed States, Interventions, What We Say Goes, Hopes and Prospects, How the World Works and Occupy, all of which are published by Hamish Hamilton/Penguin.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

szukaj w Kangoo libristo rheophysics matter in all its states 2544927

Sklepy zlokalizowane w miastach: Warszawa, Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk, Szczecin, Bydgoszcz, Lublin, Katowice

Szukaj w sklepach lub całym serwisie

1. Sklepy z libristo pl rheophysics matter in all its states 2544927

2. Szukaj na wszystkich stronach serwisu

t1=0.043, t2=0, t3=0, t4=0.012, t=0.043

Dla sprzedawców

copyright © 2005-2024 Sklepy24.pl  |  made by Internet Software House DOTCOM RIVER