35,00 zł

Selected problems in physics with examples and exercises Politechnika Gdańska

FIZYKA

What is physics? The answer to this question has been changing, because physics also changes with time. But physics has always dealt with the basic rules governing the world: the macro-world as well as the world of atoms, electrons and nucleons. Physicists are concerned with various kinds of matter and radiation and their interactions. Their main purpose is to find, understand and use the basic laws that govern the natural world. The foundation of physics is experiment. Experimental observation of the phenomena of nature allows physicists to find the rules and principles that relate these phenomena. This leads to formulation of models and theories, which form our perceptions of the investigated phenomena. Any physical model or theory must always be confronted with experiment. Essential contradictions between a particular model or theory and experimental data are a signal that the model or theory should be corrected or replaced by a new one. This confrontation is a source of development of physics and its continuous approaching a truth of nature. Contemporary physics is a highly developed basic science with many fields, which are the foundation of all engineering and technology. Especially strong relations exist between physics and chemistry. Ever since chemistry ceased to be a purely phenomenological science, chemists not only employ certain laws of physics, but even include some complex and subtle physical phenomena and physics' arcane methods of measurement in their own research. This results in a gradual obliteration of the border line between some branches of chemistry and physics. Spis treści: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. The nature of physics  1.2. The language and units. of physics  1.3. How to study physics?  Questions and problems 2. FUNDAMENTAL LAWS AND LAWS OF CONSERVATION IN PHYSICS 2.1. The meaning of fundamental laws  2.2. On the laws of conservation in physics  2.2.1. Newton's laws of motion  2.2.2. Conservation of momentum  2.2.3. Conservation of angular momentum  2.3. Work and energy  2.3.1. Definition of work in physics  2.3.2. Energy  2.3.3. The law of conservation of energy  2..3.3.1. Conservation of mechanical energy  2.3.3.2. Conservation of total energy  Questions and problems 3. KINETIC THEORY AND LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS 3.1. The microscopic interpretation of temperature  3.2. Measuring temperature  3.3. Internal energy and equipartition of energy  3.4. Laws of thermodynamics  3.4.1. The first law of thermodynamics  3.4.2. The second law of thermodynamics  Questions and problems 4. ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS 4.1. Static electric force  4.1.1. Electric charges  4.1.2. Quantization and conservation of charge  4.1.3. Electrical interaction between two charged particles - Coulomb's law  4.1.4. Electrical interactions in a system of several charges  4.2. Electric field  4.2.1. Graphic representation of electric fields  4.3. Gauss's law  4.3.1. Flux of electric field  4.3.2. Gauss's law  4.4. Electric potential and voltage  4.4.1. Electric potential energy  4.4.2. Electric potential  4.5. Capacitance and electric energy storage  4.5.1. Capacitors and capacitance  4.5.2. Energy storage  4.6. Electric current and magnetic force  4.6.1. Electric current  4.6.2. Ohm's law  4.6.3. Magnetic force and magnetic field  4.6.4. Magnetic field of linear current. Ampere's law  4.6.5. Gauss's law for magnetic field  4.7. Electromagnetic induction  4.7.1. Faraday's law of induction  4.7.2. Self-induced emf (? s )  4.8. Maxwell's equations  Questions and problems 5. SELECTED PROBLEMS OF MODERN PHYSICS 5.1. The photoelectric effect  5.1.1. Photoelectrons  5.1.2. Fundamental features of the photoelectric effect  5.1.3. Einstein's theory of the photoelectric effect  5.2. Photons and electrons  5.2.1. X-ray photons  5.2.2. The Compton effect  5.3. The Bohr model of the atom of hydrogen  5.3. 1. Bohr's assumptions and postulates  5.3.2. Quantization of electron's total energy5.3.3. Electron jumps  5.3.4. Advantages and limitations of the Bohr model  5.4. Wave-particle duality  5.4.1. De Broglie's hypothesis  5.4.2. Experimental verification of de Broglie's hypothesis  Questions and problems 6. NUCLEAR PHYSICS 6.1. Nuclear size and structure  6.1.1. Constituents of the nucleus  6.1.2. Nuclear size  6.1.3. Nuclear forces  6.2. Radioactivity  6.2.1. Kinetics of radioactive decay  6.2.2. Beta decay  6.2.3. Alpha decay  6.2.4. Gamma decay  6.3. Nuclear reactions  6.3.1. General remarks  6.3.2. The fission reaction  6.3.3. Nuclear fusion  Questions and problems    EXERCISES   APPENDIX A. Mathematics    A.1. Vector algebra  A.2. Derivatives  A.3. Integrals    APPENDIX B.   ENGLISH-POLISH PHYSICS DICTIONARY.

Sklep: Księgarnia Techniczna

1017,82 zł

Theory and Applications of Fractional Differential Equations Elsevier Science & Technology

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This monograph provides the most recent and up-to-date developments on fractional differential and fractional integro-differential equations involving many different potentially useful operators of fractional calculus. The subject of fractional calculus and its applications (that is, calculus of integrals and derivatives of any arbitrary real or complex order) has gained considerable popularity and importance during the past three decades or so, due mainly to its demonstrated applications in numerous seemingly diverse and widespread fields of science and engineering. Some of the areas of present-day applications of fractional models include Fluid Flow, Solute Transport or Dynamical Processes in Self-Similar and Porous Structures, Diffusive Transport akin to Diffusion, Material Viscoelastic Theory, Electromagnetic Theory, Dynamics of Earthquakes, Control Theory of Dynamical Systems, Optics and Signal Processing, Bio-Sciences, Economics, Geology, Astrophysics, Probability and Statistics, Chemical Physics, and so on.In the above-mentioned areas, there are phenomena with estrange kinetics which have a microscopic complex behaviour, and their macroscopic dynamics can not be characterized by classical derivative models. The fractional modelling is an emergent tool which use fractional differential equations including derivatives of fractional order, that is, we can speak about a derivative of order 1/3, or square root of 2, and so on. Some of such fractional models can have solutions which are non-differentiable but continuous functions, such as Weierstrass type functions. Such kinds of properties are, obviously, impossible for the ordinary models. What are the useful properties of these fractional operators which help in the modelling of so many anomalous processes? From the point of view of the authors and from known experimental results, most of the processes associated with complex systems have non-local dynamics involving long-memory in time, and the fractional integral and fractional derivative operators do have some of those characteristics.This book is written primarily for the graduate students and researchers in many different disciplines in the mathematical, physical, engineering and so many others sciences, who are interested not only in learning about the various mathematical tools and techniques used in the theory and widespread applications of fractional differential equations, but also in further investigations which emerge naturally from (or which are motivated substantially by) the physical situations modelled mathematically in the book. This monograph consists of a total of eight chapters and a very extensive bibliography. The main objective of it is to complement the contents of the other books dedicated to the study and the applications of fractional differential equations.The aim of the book is to present, in a systematic manner, results including the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the Cauchy type problems involving nonlinear ordinary fractional differential equations, explicit solutions of linear differential equations and of the corresponding initial-value problems through different methods, closed-form solutions of ordinary and partial differential equations, and a theory of the so-called sequential linear fractional differential equations including a generalization of the classical Frobenius method, and also to include an interesting set of applications of the developed theory. It is mainly application oriented and it contains a complete theory of Fractional Differential Equations. It can be used as a postgraduate-level textbook in many different disciplines within science and engineering and it contains an up-to-date bibliography. It provides problems and directions for further investigations. Fractional Modelling is an emergent tool with demonstrated applications in numerous seemingly diverse and widespread fields of science and engineering. It contains many examples.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

335,65 zł

An Introduction to Partial Differential Equations Springer, Berlin

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§Partial differential equations (PDEs) are fundamental to the modeling of natural phenomena, arising in every field of science. Consequently, the desire to understand the solutions of these equations has always had a prominent place in the efforts of mathematicians; it has inspired such diverse fields as complex function theory, functional analysis, and algebraic topology. Like algebra, topology, and rational mechanics, PDEs are a core area of mathematics.§This book aims to provide the background necessary to initiate work on a Ph.D. thesis in PDEs for beginning graduate students. Prerequisites include a truly advanced calculus course and basic complex variables. Lebesgue integration is needed only in chapter 10, and the necessary tools from functional analysis are developed within the coarse. The book can be used to teach a variety of different courses.§This new edition features new problems throughout, and the problems have been rearranged in each section from simplest to most difficult. New examples have also been added. The material on Sobolev spaces has been rearranged and expanded. A new section on nonlinear variational problems with "Young-measure" solutions appears. The reference section has also been expanded.

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294,95 zł

Navier-Stokes Equations Springer International Publishing AG

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This volume is devoted to the study of the Navier-Stokes equations, providing a comprehensive reference for a range of applications: from advanced undergraduate students to engineers and professional mathematicians involved in research on fluid mechanics, dynamical systems, and mathematical modeling. Equipped with only a basic knowledge of calculus, functional analysis, and partial differential equations, the reader is introduced to the concept and applications of the Navier-Stokes equations through a series of fully self-contained chapters. Including lively illustrations that complement and elucidate the text, and a collection of exercises at the end of each chapter, this book is an indispensable, accessible, classroom-tested tool for teaching and understanding the Navier-Stokes equations. § Incompressible Navier-Stokes equations describe the dynamic motion (flow) of incompressible fluid, the unknowns being the velocity and pressure as functions of location (space) and time variables. A solution to these equations predicts the behavior of the fluid, assuming knowledge of its initial and boundary states. These equations are one of the most important models of mathematical physics: although they have been a subject of vivid research for more than 150 years, there are still many open problems due to the nature of nonlinearity present in the equations. The nonlinear convective term present in the equations leads to phenomena such as eddy flows and turbulence. In particular, the question of solution regularity for three-dimensional problem was appointed by Clay Institute as one of the Millennium Problems, the key problems in modern mathematics. The problem remains challenging and fascinating for mathematicians, and the applications of the Navier-Stokes equations range from aerodynamics (drag and lift forces), to the design of watercraft and hydroelectric power plants, to medical applications such as modeling the flow of blood in the circulatory system.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

637,94 zł

Physics of Plasmas Cambridge University Press

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The Physics of Plasmas provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject, illustrating the basic theory with examples drawn from fusion, space and astrophysical plasmas. A particular strength of the book is its discussion of the various models used to describe plasma physics and the relationships between them. These include particle orbit theory, fluid equations, ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamics, wave equations and kinetic theory. The reader will gain a firm grounding in the fundamentals, and develop this into an understanding of some of the more specialised topics. Throughout the text, there is an emphasis on the physical interpretation of plasma phenomena. Exercises are provided throughout. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students of physics, applied mathematics, astronomy and engineering will find a clear but rigorous explanation of the fundamental properties of plasmas with minimal mathematical formality. This book will also appeal to research physicists, nuclear and electrical engineers.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

94,93 zł

Mathematical Tools for Physics Dover Publications

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Preface to the Dover Edition Introduction Bibliography 1. Basic Stuff 2. Infinite Series 3. Complex Algebra 4. Differential Equations 5. Fourier Series 6. Vector Spaces 7. Operators and Matrices 8. Multivariable Calculus 9. Vector Calculus 1 10. Partial Differential Equations 11. Numerical Analysis 12. Tensors 13. Vector Calculus 2 14. Complex Variables 15. Fourier Analysis 16. Calculus of Variations 17. Densities and Distributions Index

Sklep: Libristo.pl

715,02 zł

Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics Springer Verlag, Japan

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This book introduces the current understanding of fundamentals of nuclear physics by referring to key experimental data and by providing a theoretical understanding of principal nuclear properties.§§It primarily covers the structure of nuclei at low excitation in detail. It also examines nuclear forces and decay properties. In addition to fundamentals, the book treats several new research areas such as non-relativistic as well as relativistic Hartree Fock calculations, the synthesis of super-heavy elements, the QCD phase diagram and nucleosynthesis in stars, to convey readers the flavor of current research frontiers in nuclear physics. The author explains semi-classical arguments and derivation of its formulae. It provides an intuitive understanding of complex nuclear phenomena.§§The book is aimed for graduate school students and postdoctoral fellows. It is also useful for researchers to update their knowledge of diverse fields of nuclear structure. The book explains how basic physics such as quantum mechanics and statistical physics, as well as basic physical mathematics, are used to describe nuclear phenomena. A number of questions are given from place to place as supplements to the text.§

Sklep: Libristo.pl

451,12 zł

Modern Physics Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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This book offers an introduction to statistical mechanics, special relativity, and quantum physics. It is based on the lecture notes prepared for the one-semester course of "Quantum Physics" belonging to the Bachelor of Science in Material Sciences at the University of Padova.The first chapter briefly reviews the ideas of classical statistical mechanics introduced by James Clerk Maxwell, Ludwig Boltzmann, Willard Gibbs, and others. The second chapter is devoted to the special relativity of Albert Einstein. In the third chapter, it is historically analyzed the quantization of light due to Max Planck and Albert Einstein, while the fourth chapter discusses the Niels Bohr quantization of the energy levels and the electromagnetic transitions. The fifth chapter investigates the Schrodinger equation, which was obtained by Erwin Schrodinger from the idea of Louis De Broglie to associate to each particle a quantum wavelength. Chapter Six describes the basic axioms of quantum mechanics, which were formulated in the seminal books of Paul Dirac and John von Neumann. In chapter seven, there are several important application of quantum mechanics: the quantum particle in a box, the quantum particle in the harmonic potential, the quantum tunneling, the stationary perturbation theory, and the time-dependent perturbation theory. Chapter Eight is devoted to the study of quantum atomic physics with special emphasis on the spin of the electron, which needs the Dirac equation for a rigorous theoretical justification. In the ninth chapter, it is explained the quantum mechanics of many identical particles at zero temperature, while in Chapter Ten the discussion is extended to many quantum particles at finite temperature by introducing and using the quantum statistical mechanics. The four appendices on Dirac delta function, complex numbers, Fourier transform, and differential equations are a useful mathematical aid for the reader.

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330,72 zł

Electromagnetism Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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Physics is part of any curriculum in science and engineering. The main objective of this course is to help students of engineering and other sciences in more advanced courses in these fields. The textbook will introduce the students to the fundamental concepts of physics and how different theories developed from physical observations and phenomena.It starts with electrostatics in free space, introducing basic concepts, such as Coulomb's electric charge law and ideas of electric field and electric field lines (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 introduces the electric flux and Gauss's law. Electrostatic potential and electrostatic potential energy are introduced in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents the concepts of capacitance and dielectrics. Also, the electrostatics of a macroscopic medium and Maxwell's equations of the electrostatic field are discussed.Chapter 5 introduces the concepts of electric current and Ohm's law. Chapter 6 continues with the magnetic field and its interactions with charges and currents. Then, Chapter 7 introduces the concept of magnetic field sources, where Biot-Savart law and Amp

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313,04 zł

Dynamical Systems with Applications using Python Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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This textbook provides a broad introduction to continuous and discrete dynamical systems. With its hands-on approach, the text leads the reader from basic theory to recently published research material in nonlinear ordinary differential equations, nonlinear optics, multifractals, neural networks, and binary oscillator computing. Dynamical Systems with Applications Using Python takes advantage of Python's extensive visualization, simulation, and algorithmic tools to study those topics in nonlinear dynamical systems through numerical algorithms and generated diagrams. After a tutorial introduction to Python, the first part of the book deals with continuous systems using differential equations, including both ordinary and delay differential equations. The second part of the book deals with discrete dynamical systems and progresses to the study of both continuous and discrete systems in contexts like chaos control and synchronization, neural networks, and binary oscillator computing. These later sections are useful reference material for undergraduate student projects. The book is rounded off with example coursework to challenge students' programming abilities and Python-based exam questions. This book will appeal to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, applied mathematicians, engineers, and researchers in a range of disciplines, such as biology, chemistry, computing, economics, and physics. Since it provides a survey of dynamical systems, a familiarity with linear algebra, real and complex analysis, calculus, and ordinary differential equations is necessary, and knowledge of a programming language like C or Java is beneficial but not essential.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

374,84 zł

Linear Algebra and Analytic Geometry for Physical Sciences Springer International Publishing AG

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A self-contained introduction to finite dimensional vector spaces, matrices, systems of linear equations, spectral analysis on euclidean and hermitian spaces, affine euclidean geometry, quadratic forms and conic sections. The mathematical formalism is motivated and introduced by problems from physics, notably mechanics (including celestial) and electro-magnetism, with more than two hundreds examples and solved exercises. Topics include: The group of orthogonal transformations on euclidean spaces, in particular rotations, with Euler angles and angular velocity. The rigid body with its inertia matrix. The unitary group. Lie algebras and exponential map. The Dirac's bra-ket formalism. Spectral theory for self-adjoint endomorphisms on euclidean and hermitian spaces. The Minkowski spacetime from special relativity and the Maxwell equations. Conic sections with the use of eccentricity and Keplerian motions. An appendix collects basic algebraic notions like group, ring and field; and complex numbers and integers modulo a prime number. The book will be useful to students taking a physics or engineer degree for a basic education as well as for students who wish to be competent in the subject and who may want to pursue a post-graduate qualification.

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629,20 zł

Statistical Mechanics Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co....

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The completely revised new edition of the classical book on Statistical Mechanics covers the basic concepts of equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical physics. In addition to a deductive approach to equilibrium statistics and thermodynamics based on a single hypothesis - the form of the microcanonical density matrix - this book treats the most important elements of non-equilibrium phenomena. Intermediate calculations are presented in complete detail. Problems at the end of each chapter help students to consolidate their understanding of the material. Beyond the fundamentals, this text demonstrates the breadth of the field and its great variety of applications. Modern areas such as renormalization group theory, percolation, stochastic equations of motion and their applications to critical dynamics, kinetic theories, as well as fundamental considerations of irreversibility, are discussed. The text will be useful for advanced students of physics and other natural sciences; a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics is presumed.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

571,11 zł

Real Analysis Princeton University Press

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"Real Analysis" is the third volume in the "Princeton Lectures in Analysis", a series of four textbooks that aim to present, in an integrated manner, the core areas of analysis. Here the focus is on the development of measure and integration theory, differentiation and integration, Hilbert spaces, and Hausdorff measure and fractals. This book reflects the objective of the series as a whole: to make plain the organic unity that exists between the various parts of the subject, and to illustrate the wide applicability of ideas of analysis to other fields of mathematics and science. After setting forth the basic facts of measure theory, Lebesgue integration, and differentiation on Euclidian spaces, the authors move to the elements of Hilbert space, via the L2 theory. They next present basic illustrations of these concepts from Fourier analysis, partial differential equations, and complex analysis. The final part of the book introduces the reader to the fascinating subject of fractional-dimensional sets, including Hausdorff measure, self-replicating sets, space-filling curves, and Besicovitch sets.Each chapter has a series of exercises, from the relatively easy to the more complex, that are tied directly to the text. A substantial number of hints encourage the reader to take on even the more challenging exercises. As with the other volumes in the series, "Real Analysis" is accessible to students interested in such diverse disciplines as mathematics, physics, engineering, and finance, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.

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451,12 zł

Introductory Quantum Mechanics Springer International Publishing AG

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This book presents a basic introduction to quantum mechanics. Depending on the choice of topics, it can be used for a one-semester or two-semester course. An attempt has been made to anticipate the conceptual problems students encounter when they first study quantum mechanics. Wherever possible, examples are given to illustrate the underlying physics associated with the mathematical equations of quantum mechanics. To this end, connections are made with corresponding phenomena in classical mechanics and electromagnetism. The problems at the end of each chapter are intended to help students master the course material and to explore more advanced topics. Many calculations exploit the extraordinary capabilities of computer programs such as Mathematica, MatLab, and Maple. Students are urged to use these programs, just as they had been urged to use calculators in the past. The treatment of various topics is rather complete, in that most steps in derivations are included. Several of the chapters go beyond what is traditionally covered in an introductory course. The goal of the presentation is to provide the students with a solid background in quantum mechanics.

Sklep: Libristo.pl

182,30 zł

Generalized Analytic Automorphic Forms in Hypercomplex Space Birkhauser

Inne 1

'The aim of this book is to provide a first comprehensive overview of the basic theory of hypercomplex-analytic automorphic forms and functions for arithmetic subgroups of the Vahlen group in higher dimensional spaces. It gives a summary on the research results obtained over the last five years and establishes a new field within the theory of functions of hypercomplex variables and within analytic number theory.' 'Hypercomplex-analyticity generalizes the concept of complex analyticity in the sense of considering null-solutions to higher dimensional Cauchy-Riemann type systems. Vector- and Clifford algebra-valued Eisenstein and Poincare series are constructed within this framework and a detailed description of their analytic and number theoretical properties is provided. In particular, explicit relationships to higher dimensional vector valued variants of the Riemann zeta function and Dirichlet series are established and a concept of hypercomplex multiplication of lattices is introduced. Applications to the theory of Hilbert spaces with reproducing kernels, to partial differential equations and index theory on some conformally flat manifolds are also included.' The book is directed to researchers as well as to graduate and postgraduate students with interest in the fields of the theory of generalized analytic functions in higher dimensional spaces, analytic number theory, function spaces and boundary value problems of partial differential equations of conformally flat manifolds, and some closely related fields in physics, such as instanton theory and quantum gravity.

Sklep: Albertus.pl

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